Dhir Shamsher Rana was born on 1828. His father name is Bal Narshing Kunwar and mother Ganesh Kumari Thapa. He is a general Seventh son of Bal Narshing Kunwar and the youngest brother of Jang Bahadur Rana. His spouses are Nanda Kumari Thapa (third wife) and Juhar Kumari Devi (fifth wife). He is a Nepalese politician, Commander-In-Chief of the Nepalese Army from 1879 to 1884 A.D., minister of state who fought with distinction in the Third Nepal-Tibet War 1855-1856 and in the Indian Mutiny of 1857. He accompanied Jang Bahadur Rana to Europe (January 15, 1850-February 6, 1851), represented the King of Nepal as his ambassador at the Imperial Darbar held in Delhi in January 1877. He became Commander-in-Chief upon the death of Jagat Shumsher (11 May 1879).
He had 17 sons and 17 daughters. According to the historians, in the history of Nepal the Shumsher Ranas were responsible for the dark period of Nepal. The list of seventeen sons of Dhir Shamsher are:
- Bir Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (Prime Minister of Nepal)
- Khadga Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (Commander-in-chief of the Nepalese Army)
- Rana Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (Commander-in-chief of the Nepalese Army)
- Dev Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (Prime Minister of Nepal)
- Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (Prime Minister of Nepal)
- Bhim Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana (Prime Minister of Nepal)
- Fatte Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana
- Lalit Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana
- Jit Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana
- Juddha Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana (Prime Minister of Nepal)
- Dambar Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana
- Jadu Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana
- Purna Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana
- Durga Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana
- Shere Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana
- Khamba Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana
- Harka Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana
He died on October 14, 1884 at the age of 56 years.